Ade Irmadiki Agipa
The commercial zirconia nanopowder was modified using sulfuric acid and calcium oxide to synthesize SO 4/ZrO 2 and Zr/CaO catalysts. The wet impregnation technique was utilized to obtain SO 4/ZrO 2 acid catalyst, and the Zr/CaO base catalyst was produced as well using reflux method through the microwave heating process. The highest total acidity of SO 4/ZrO 2 catalyst was treated by 0.9 MH 2 SO 4 and 500 C of calcination temperature, and this catalyst was succeeded in reducing used coconut cooking oil FFA from 1.18% to 0.42% in the esterification process. The highest total alkalinity was reached using 1% w/w Zr/CaO and 900 C of calcination temperature, and this catalyst was applied in the transesterification stage and successfully converted used coconut cooking oil into biodiesel by 62.25%. The formation of biodiesel was confirmed by the presence of methyl laurate (50.48%), methyl myristate (19.05%), methyl stearate (11.05%), methyl 11-octadecanoic (6.09%), methyl octanoate (5.25%), methyl decanoate (5.05%), and methyl octadecanoate (3.03%).
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